# Year 5 Mathematics Lesson Plan: Addition and Subtraction (Four-Digit Numbers)
**Grade Level:** Year 5
**Subject:** Mathematics
**Topic:** Addition and Subtraction of Four-Digit Numbers
**Duration:** 60 minutes
## Lesson Objectives:
1. Students will understand the concepts of adding and subtracting four-digit numbers.
2. Students will be able to perform addition and subtraction of four-digit numbers with and without regrouping.
3. Students will develop strategies for checking their work for accuracy.
## Materials Needed:
- Whiteboard and markers
- Chart paper and markers
- Place value charts
- Base ten blocks or similar manipulatives
- Printed worksheets with four-digit addition and subtraction problems
- Calculators (for checking work)
- Exit tickets
## Common Core Standards:
- CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.4.NBT.B.4: Fluently add and subtract multi-digit whole numbers using the standard algorithm.
## Lesson Plan:
### Introduction (10 minutes)
1. **Warm-Up Activity:**
- Begin with a quick mental math exercise. Ask students to solve a few simple addition and subtraction problems mentally (e.g., 1234 + 100 or 4321 - 300).
- Discuss strategies they used to find the answers, emphasizing mental math skills.
2. **Objective Introduction:**
- Clearly state the lesson objectives to the students. Explain that today they will be learning to add and subtract four-digit numbers.
### Direct Instruction (15 minutes)
1. **Addition:**
- Draw a place value chart on the whiteboard.
- Demonstrate the addition of two four-digit numbers (e.g., 1234 + 5678) using the place value chart and base ten blocks.
- Emphasize the importance of lining up the digits according to their place values.
2. **Subtraction:**
- Using a new place value chart, demonstrate the subtraction of two four-digit numbers (e.g., 6789 - 1234).
- Show how to borrow/regroup when necessary.
3. **Checking Work:**
- Explain and demonstrate how to check their work using reverse operations or estimation.
### Guided Practice (15 minutes)
1. **Group Activity:**
- Divide students into pairs and provide each pair with a set of place value charts and base ten blocks.
- Assign a set of addition and subtraction problems for the pairs to solve together.
- Encourage students to use the manipulatives to visualize the problems.
2. **Walk Around:**
- Circulate around the classroom to observe and offer assistance as needed.
- Ensure students are aligning digits correctly and regrouping when necessary.
### Independent Practice (15 minutes)
1. **Worksheet:**
- Distribute printed worksheets with a variety of addition and subtraction problems involving four-digit numbers.
- Instruct students to complete the worksheet independently.
2. **Challenge Questions:**
- For students who finish early, provide more challenging problems or word problems that involve four-digit addition and subtraction.
### Closing (5 minutes)
1. **Review:**
- Quickly go over a couple of problems from the worksheet as a class.
- Discuss any common errors and clarify any misunderstandings.
2. **Exit Ticket:**
- Give each student a small slip of paper (exit ticket) with one four-digit addition problem and one four-digit subtraction problem.
- Ask students to solve these and hand them in as they leave.
### Assessment:
- **Formative:** Observe student participation during guided practice and group activities. Check for understanding through questioning and manipulatives use.
- **Summative:** Review the students’ worksheets and exit tickets to assess their ability to perform additions and subtractions of four-digit numbers correctly.
## Differentiation:
- **For Struggling Students:** Provide additional support with manipulatives and one-on-one instruction.
- **For Advanced Students:** Provide more complex problems and word problems that require multiple steps or higher-order thinking skills.
## Homework:
- Assign a few problems from the workbook or a handout that require students to practice adding and subtracting four-digit numbers.
By the end of the lesson, students should feel more confident in their ability to add and subtract four-digit numbers and understand the strategies needed to check their work for accuracy.